Job (DSS)
Job Dead Sea Scrolls
2Q15 Job
Contents: Job 33:28-30
Language: Hebrew
Date: 30 B.C. - 68 A.D.
Location: Qumran Cave 2
Job 33
28 He has redeemed my soul from going into the pit.
My life shall see the light.’
29 “Behold, God does all these things,
twice, yes three times, with a man,
30 to bring back his soul from the pit,
that he may be enlightened with the light of the living.
4Q99 Job
Contents: Job 31:14-19; 32:3-4; 33:10-11, 24-26, 28-30; 35:16; 36:7-27, 32-37:5, 14-15
Language: Hebrew
Date: 175 - 60 B.C.
Location: Qumran Cave 4
Job 31
14 What then shall I do when God rises up?
When he visits, what shall I answer him?
15 Didn’t he who made me in the womb[1] make him?
Didn’t one fashion us in the womb?
16 “If I have withheld the poor from their desire,
or have caused the eyes of the widow to fail,
17 or have eaten my morsel alone,
and the fatherless has not eaten of it
18 (no, from my youth he grew up with me as with a father,
her I have guided from my mother’s womb);
19 if I have seen any perish for want of clothing,
or that the needy had no covering;
[..]
Job 32
3 Also his wrath was kindled against his three friends, because they had found no answer, and yet had condemned Job. 4 Now Elihu had waited to speak to Job, because they were elder than he.
[..]
Job 33
10 Behold, he finds occasions against me.
He counts me for his enemy.
11 He puts my feet in the stocks.
He marks all my paths.’
[..]
24 then God is gracious to him, and says,
‘Deliver him from going down to the pit,
I have found a ransom.’
25 His flesh shall be fresher than a child’s.
He returns to the days of his youth.
26 He prays to God, and he is favorable to him,
so that he sees his face with joy.
He restores to man his righteousness.
[..]
28 He has redeemed my soul from going into the pit.
My life shall see the light.’
29 “Behold, God does all these things,
twice, yes three times, with a man,
30 to bring back his soul from the pit,
that he may be enlightened with the light of the living.
[..]
Job 35
16 Therefore Job opens his mouth with empty talk,
and he multiplies words without knowledge.”
Job 36
7 He doesn’t withdraw his eyes from the righteous,
but with kings on the throne,
he sets them forever, and they are exalted.
8 If they are bound in fetters,
and are taken in the cords of afflictions,
9 then he shows them their work,
and their transgressions, that they have behaved themselves proudly.
10 He also opens their ears to instruction,
and commands that they return from iniquity.
11 If they listen and serve him,
they shall spend their days in prosperity,
and their years in pleasures.
[..]
13 “But those who are godless in heart lay up anger.
They don’t cry for help when he binds them.
14 They die in youth.
Their life perishes among the unclean.
15 He delivers the afflicted by their affliction,
and opens their ear in oppression.
16 Yes, he would have allured you out of distress,
into a wide place, where there is no restriction.
That which is set on your table would be full of fatness.
17 “But you are full of the judgment of the wicked.
Judgment and justice take hold of you.
18 Don’t let riches entice you to wrath,
neither let the great size of a bribe turn you aside.
19 Would your wealth sustain you in distress,
or all the might of your strength?
20 Don’t desire the night,
when people are cut off in their place.
21 Take heed, don’t regard iniquity;
for you have chosen this rather than affliction.
22 Behold, God is exalted in his power.
Who is a teacher like him?
23 Who has prescribed his way for him?
Or who can say, ‘You have committed unrighteousness?’
24 “Remember that you magnify his work,
whereof men have sung.
25 All men have looked on it.
Man sees it afar off.
26 Behold, God is great, and we don’t know him.
The number of his years is unsearchable.
27 For he draws up the drops of water,
which distill in rain from his vapor,
[..]
32 He covers his hands with the lightning,
and commands it to strike the mark.
33 Its noise tells about him,
and the livestock also concerning the storm that comes up.
Job 37
1 “Yes, at this my heart does not tremble trembles,
and is moved out of its place.
2 Hear, oh, hear the noise of his voice,
the sound that goes out of his mouth.
3 He sends it out under the whole sky,
and his lightning to the ends of the earth.
4 After it a voice roars.
He thunders with the voice of his majesty.
He doesn’t hold back anything when his voice is heard.
5 God thunders marvelously with his voice.
He does great things, which we can’t comprehend.
[..]
14 “Listen to this, Job.
Stand still, and consider the wondrous works of God.
15 Do you know how God controls them,
and causes the lightning of his cloud to shine?
[1] The word order is different from the MT.
4Q100 Job
Contents: Job 8:15-17; 9:27; 13:4; 14:4-6; 31:20-21
Language: Hebrew
Date: 50-1 B.C.
Location: Qumran Cave 4
Job 8
15 He shall lean on his house, but it shall not stand.
He shall cling to it, but it shall not endure.
16 He is green before the sun.
His shoots go out along his garden.
17 His roots are wrapped around the rock pile.
He sees the place of stones.
[..]
Job 9
27 If I say, ‘I will forget my complaint,
I will put off my sad face, and cheer up;’
[..]
Job 13
4 But you are forgers of lies.
You are all physicians of no value.
[..]
Job 14
Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean?
Not one.
5 Seeing his days are determined,
the number of his months is with you,
and you have appointed his bounds that he can’t pass;
6 Look away from him, that he may rest,
until he shall accomplish, as a hireling, his day.
[..]
Job 31
20 if his heart hasn’t blessed me,
if he hasn’t been warmed with my sheep’s fleece;
21 if I have lifted up my hand against the fatherless,
because I saw my help in the gate,
4Q101 PaleoJob
Contents: Job 13:18-27; 14:13-18
Language: Hebrew using the PaleoHebrew script
Date: 225-150 B.C.
Location: Qumran Cave 4
Job 13
18 See now, I have set my cause in order.
I know that I am righteous.
19 Who is he who will contend with me?
For then would I hold my peace and give up the spirit.
20 “Only don’t do two things to me;
then I will not hide myself from your face:
[..]
23 How many are my iniquities and sins?
Make me know my disobedience and my sin.
24 Why hide you your face,
and hold me for your enemy?
25 Will you harass a driven leaf?
Will you pursue the dry stubble?
26 For you write bitter things against me,
and make me inherit the iniquities of my youth[1]:
27 You also put my feet in the stocks,
and mark all my paths.
You set a bound to the soles of my feet,
[..]
Job 14
13 “Oh that you would hide me in Sheol,
that you would keep me secret, until your wrath is past,
that you would appoint me a set time, and remember me!
14 If a man dies, shall he live again?
All the days of my warfare would I wait,
until my release should come.
15 You would call, and I would answer you.
You would have a desire to the work of your hands.
You would call, and I would answer you.
16 But now you count my steps.
Don’t you watch over my sin?
17 My disobedience is sealed up in a bag.
You fasten up my iniquity.
18 “But the mountain falling comes to nothing.
The rock is removed out of its place;
[1] This scroll uses fewer vowel letters in spelling than the MT, contrary to most of the Dead Sea Scrolls.